Which term refers to insulin not secreted adequately or tissues resistant to its effects?

• A. bulla
• B. enuresis
• C. coronal plane
• D. diabetes mellitus

Answer: (D)

Diabetes mellitus describes conditions where the body's use of insulin is impaired either because not enough insulin is produced or because the body's cells do not respond to insulin. Insulin helps glucose move into cells; when it’s deficient or ineffective, glucose remains high in the blood, leading to hyperglycemia. In type 1, the pancreas makes little or no insulin due to autoimmune destruction. In type 2, tissues become resistant to insulin and the pancreas may not keep up with the demand. The result is diabetes mellitus, a condition marked by high blood sugar and its related effects.

Bulla refers to a fluid-filled blister on the skin, enuresis means bedwetting, and the coronal plane is an anatomical reference plane; none describe the issue of insulin production or action.